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Arctic Presence  –  Search  &  Rescue  –  SAR  Techs  –  Updated  –  November  2009

Air Force must focus on core missions  —  Time  to calve off  SAR
Local  Civilian  Agencies  may  prove  to be  more  Cost-Effective


Dianne  DeMille ,  Editor ,  Canadian  American  Strategic  Review  ( CASR )
Update 21 July 2010: Another FWSAR Industry Day has been announced to cover the revised Statement of  Operational Requirements (SOR)  and  to investigate contracted service options.

In  the  News :  On  09  November 2009,  Canadian  Forces  Search  and  Rescue  Technicians ( SAR Techs ),  rescued  an Inuit youth  from  a moving  ice  floe.  No  small  feat.  SAR Tech training is extremely rigourous, physically and mentally.  These technicians are an elite force. However, Canadian citizens and CF personnel alike are concerned about how long it took the aircraft to reach the area  –  and  how  inadequately the aircraft was equipped  for this mission. There may be a number of options to address these inadequacies  –  this editorial focuses on removing the SAR missions from the list of primary tasks assigned to the Canadian Air Force.

Air  Staff  has  demonstrated  that  they  have  too  many  tasks  and  not  enough  resources

The evidence is in.  We have assigned to our Air Force  too many tasks  –  and,  at the same time,  given the AF  too few resources  to accomplish those tasks.  In the past,  the  political practice has been to throw money at aircraft acquisition (often undermining the readiness of our  Army  and  Navy  in the process).  These  attempts  at  making  the  problem ' go  away ' have proven  to be  counter-productive.  Let us now  try a  more seriously  thought-through approach :  Reduce the burden of  too many AF  missions  ( without  the appropriate  levels
of  resource  allocations ).  Calving  off   Search-and-Rescue  is  the  most  logical  first  step.
The standing  Defence White Paper  lists  three (3) core missions  for the Canadian Forces:

       •   Defence of  Canada,  the  nation - state,  and  the security of  all  of  its citizens.

       •   Defence of the North American continent, its maritime approaches, and its aerospace.
           These missions are undertaken in cooperation with the United States military.

       •   Expeditionary (overseas) missions judged to be in Canada's interests.
           These missions are carried out in cooperation with like-minded states.
           Ideally, the Prime Minister will seek Parliamentary support of these missions.  [1]

Some operations  must  be eliminated  so that  we can  re-invest  funds  into  core  missions

When a corporation grows quickly,  it  sometimes  takes on too  many  diverse enterprises, stretching  beyond  its core competencies.  In the long-run,  this over-reach  of  diversity is not  fiscally  sustainable  –  and  it  bleeds  away  organizational  focus.  This  is the position
in which  the Canadian Air Force now  finds  itself  –  too many  tasks  which are well outside the core missions laid  down by  the Government of  Canada.  Citizens must press for change.

Were  the  Air  Force  a  corporation,  executive  officers  would  ask  some  hard  questions:

       •   What are the core missions of  the corporation?   Where does  the company  excel?

       •   In which areas has the company become inefficient,  unable to achieve the clear and
           reasonable goals that have been  set out  for  it  by  the  original  mission  statement?

       •   Which inefficient, non-productive operations do we need to cut in order to preserve
            the  viability  of  the  company  as  a  whole,  and  ensure success  into  the  future?

Once these savvy,  tough-minded corporate decision- makers  had  addressed  those  three questions,  they would  then  use  the  answers  arrived  at  to draw up
a  feasible  'action plan'.   This  is  the point  when  the difficult choices must  be made –  for the overall good of  the  company.  In our case,  we  must consider  the good of  the whole country,  as well as the  continued viability (and  usefulness ) of  the  Canadian Air Force.

Perhaps  regional  civilian  agencies  could  carry  out  SAR  more  efficiently  at  lower  cost

Our  nation  covers an  enormous  geographical  area  with  three  distinct  coastlines. [2] The challenges of monitoring  the West Coast are very different from those on the East Coast. [3] This means trying to coordinate a common fleet of military aircraft to perform a wide range of aerial search-and-rescue tasks which are decidedly  non-military in nature. Time for a change.

Using regional, civilian contractors would allow for a range of aircraft types and  sizes. No commonality of aircraft type between regions is needed – aircraft can be tailored to the specific requirements of a region or mixed-fleets employed for a layered approach to SAR as well as  day-to-day monitoring of  the sovereignty and security of  our maritime approaches (as is currently done by Provincial Airlines, above).

St. John's-based Provincial Airlines is no stranger to performing contracted patrol flights. In 1989, PAL began replacing Canadian Forces aircraft on fisheries patrols, as well as providing gathered surveillance data to DND.[4]  Since beginning these operations, PAL has branched out into marketing such patrols internationally.  A successful example is the patrol  flown by PAL for the Netherlands Antilles in an arrangement modelled on Australia's Coastwatch. [5]

Canadian civilian operators can and do perform these tasks more efficiently, at lower costs to taxpayers, and with much improved results. As a side benefit, the Canadian Forces can focus on its core mandate. Available military aircraft could  still operate as back-ups for aerial  SAR (as done by the RCMP and other agencies with SAR as a secondary role). But the burden of aerial  SAR as a primary role would  be removed  from the Canadian Forces and, along with it, the distractions of  SAR aircraft procurement and  the tying up CF personnel in a civilian role.

      [1]   Parliament has voted to keep the Canadian Forces in Afghanistan at least until  2011.
             The Afghan mission must, for the time being, be the key focus for all parts of  the CF.

      [2]   For simplicity (and because the current FWSAR debate cannot get past replacing the
              CC-115 Buffalo ), we have not addressed  aerial  search-and-rescue over inland areas.

      [3]   The Arctic  coastine  is  long,  with a  variety  of  specific  geographical  challenges.
              Arctic SAR  may require a wide range of  different  small- and  medium-sized aircraft.

      [4]   Data is sent to the CF Maritime Operational Information and Surveillance Centres at
              CFB Halifax or CFB Comox. This arrangement allowed the retirement of  the CP-121s.

      [5]   In both cases, radar-equipped DeHavilland Canada Dash-8 MPAs are used, suitably
              modified for the new role by  Field Aviation of  Toronto (for more Canadian content).

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